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Hospital Ash Waste-Ordinary Portland Cement Concrete
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 3, June 2016
Pages:
72-78
Received:
2 March 2016
Accepted:
8 April 2016
Published:
7 June 2016
Abstract: This work is part of the on-going research work in the Civil Engineering Department of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi Nigeria. The work is on characterizing and utilization of hospital waste ash (HWA) in the production of concrete. This work is important in the light of the recent happenings in Nigeria, where cases of Ebola and Lassa fever diseases have been mentioned and most recently, the fear of the Zika disease. The need for adequate study on the data on management, handling and disposal of hospital waste, is of paramount importance to prevent relapse A study on the incineration ash was undertaken in order to assess the material’s adequacy for concrete production. The results showed that the ash contains relatively high percentage of CaO (47%), which has cementing value and thus, can be used for cement manufacture. The hydration characteristics showed it is pozzolanic in nature and the setting times values showed that HWA can be used as a retarder, especially for hot weather concreting. The ash was used as partial replacements for cement in proportions of 0 to 40% by weight of cement to make concrete cubes that were cured for periods of 3 days to 90 days. The results showed that water absorption increased with increase in the replacement levels, while the compressive strength decreased accordingly. The work was taken further by developing statistical relationships between the slump, water absorption and compressive strengths.
Abstract: This work is part of the on-going research work in the Civil Engineering Department of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi Nigeria. The work is on characterizing and utilization of hospital waste ash (HWA) in the production of concrete. This work is important in the light of the recent happenings in Nigeria, where cases of Ebola and Lassa fev...
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Development of Effective Urinal Odour Traps for Conventional Household Urinals, Urine Diversion Dry Toilets (UDDT) and Community Urine Collection Tanks
Ababu T. Tiruneh,
William N. Ndlela,
Jonna Heikkilä
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 3, June 2016
Pages:
79-87
Received:
7 May 2016
Accepted:
16 May 2016
Published:
13 June 2016
Abstract: Control of odour from urinal installations is an important task from considerations of health, hygiene and acceptability or use of these installations. Because of the problems associated with cost, technology and proprietary nature of many of the marketed technologies for odour control, there is a need to develop simple, easily adaptable and low cost technologies for odour traps in urinal installations. A research work was carried out for the development of simple and low cost odour control using devices that work on the principles of either buoyant force or gravity push combined with elastic band extension. The conceptual development of the odour trapping device arrangement and of the odour trapping mechanism is presented. The scientific model for determining the optimum elastic band extension for effective odour control is developed. Experiments were performed to verify the theoretical model relating force required for opening the odour trap with the optimum elastic band extension length. The experimental results were also used to determine the model parameters through regression. Different types of odour control devices were developed and installed to adapt to differing urinal installations including household level urinals, urine diversion dry toilets (UDDT) and community urine collection storage tanks. The devices, besides being simple and low cost, have more or less been found to work satisfactorily and effectively control odour from the urinal installations that they have been provided to.
Abstract: Control of odour from urinal installations is an important task from considerations of health, hygiene and acceptability or use of these installations. Because of the problems associated with cost, technology and proprietary nature of many of the marketed technologies for odour control, there is a need to develop simple, easily adaptable and low co...
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A Review on Different Factors of Woven Fabrics’ Strength Prediction
Mohammad Mobarak Hossain,
Eshita Datta,
Salvia Rahman
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 3, June 2016
Pages:
88-97
Received:
8 May 2016
Accepted:
19 May 2016
Published:
13 June 2016
Abstract: There are different fabric manufacturing methods like weaving, knitting, non-woven and braiding. Among them woven fabric shows good dimensional stability and good cover. One of the most important characteristics of woven fabric is strength. Strength is also measured in tensile, tearing or bursting strength. But, so many factors are related to the fabric strength like yarn count, twist, fibre fineness, stiffness, fibre density, fabric structure, cover, yarn density, no. of layer, tightness factor and so on. It is very complex to establish a mathematical relation to determine strength considering all these parameters. This paper will make the clear understanding on the factors that directly or indirectly influence the woven fabric’s strenght and thus, will be more helpful during further research in woven fabric strenght prediction.
Abstract: There are different fabric manufacturing methods like weaving, knitting, non-woven and braiding. Among them woven fabric shows good dimensional stability and good cover. One of the most important characteristics of woven fabric is strength. Strength is also measured in tensile, tearing or bursting strength. But, so many factors are related to the f...
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