The Analysis of The Heat Release Rate Determination of a Subway Train

Daxi Sun; Chenxia Jia

doi:doi:10.11648/j.sr.20261404.22

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The Analysis of The Heat Release Rate Determination of a Subway Train

Daxi Sun, Chenxia Jia^*

Published in Science Research (Volume 14, Issue 4)

Received: 15 June 2026 Accepted: 14 July 2026 Published: 13 August 2026

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Abstract

Accurately determining the heat release rate (HRR) of metro trains serves as a core prerequisite for investigating metro tunnel fire behaviors and carrying out fire safety design of urban rail transit. To clarify the reasonable range of HRR for metro tunnel fire research, this paper selects a typical Type-B metro train as the research subject. After comprehensively sorting out and counting all combustible materials inside the middle carriage as well as their respective mass parameters, two research methods including Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) numerical simulation and HRR statistical calculation are adopted to analyze the thermal output characteristics of a fire originating in the middle carriage of a single train. A refined geometric model matching the actual carriage structure is built with practical boundary conditions and fire working conditions to simulate the complete fire evolution from initial ignition to full combustion. The calculation results indicate that the peak heat release rate of the Type-B metro middle carriage reaches 17.6 MW. The research conclusions can offer reliable theoretical references and basic data for flame retardant design of metro vehicles, ventilation and smoke exhaust system design of tunnels, as well as the establishment of tunnel fire emergency disposal schemes.

Published in	Science Research (Volume 14, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.sr.20261404.22
Page(s)	226-231
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2026. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Heat Release Rate, Numerical Simulation,Oxygen - consumption Method, Mass Loss Rate Method

References

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[12]	Verda V, Borchiellini R, Cosentino S, et al. Expanding the FDS Simulation Capabilities to Fire Tunnel Scenarios Through a Novel Multi-scale Model [J]. Fire Technology, 2021, 57(3): 2491–2514.
[13]	Wang B. Comparative Research on FLUENT and FDS's Numerical Simulation of Smoke Spread in Subway Platform Fire [J]. Procedia Engineering, 2011, 26(1): 1065-1075.
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APA Style

Sun, D., Jia, C. (2026). The Analysis of The Heat Release Rate Determination of a Subway Train. Science Research, 14(4), 226-231. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20261404.22

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ACS Style

Sun, D.; Jia, C. The Analysis of The Heat Release Rate Determination of a Subway Train. Sci. Res. 2026, 14(4), 226-231. doi: 10.11648/j.sr.20261404.22

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AMA Style

Sun D, Jia C. The Analysis of The Heat Release Rate Determination of a Subway Train. Sci Res. 2026;14(4):226-231. doi: 10.11648/j.sr.20261404.22

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@article{10.11648/j.sr.20261404.22,
  author = {Daxi Sun and Chenxia Jia},
  title = {The Analysis of The Heat Release Rate Determination of a Subway Train},
  journal = {Science Research},
  volume = {14},
  number = {4},
  pages = {226-231},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sr.20261404.22},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20261404.22},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sr.20261404.22},
  abstract = {Accurately determining the heat release rate (HRR) of metro trains serves as a core prerequisite for investigating metro tunnel fire behaviors and carrying out fire safety design of urban rail transit. To clarify the reasonable range of HRR for metro tunnel fire research, this paper selects a typical Type-B metro train as the research subject. After comprehensively sorting out and counting all combustible materials inside the middle carriage as well as their respective mass parameters, two research methods including Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) numerical simulation and HRR statistical calculation are adopted to analyze the thermal output characteristics of a fire originating in the middle carriage of a single train. A refined geometric model matching the actual carriage structure is built with practical boundary conditions and fire working conditions to simulate the complete fire evolution from initial ignition to full combustion. The calculation results indicate that the peak heat release rate of the Type-B metro middle carriage reaches 17.6 MW. The research conclusions can offer reliable theoretical references and basic data for flame retardant design of metro vehicles, ventilation and smoke exhaust system design of tunnels, as well as the establishment of tunnel fire emergency disposal schemes.},
 year = {2026}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Analysis of The Heat Release Rate Determination of a Subway Train
AU  - Daxi Sun
AU  - Chenxia Jia
Y1  - 2026/08/13
PY  - 2026
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20261404.22
DO  - 10.11648/j.sr.20261404.22
T2  - Science Research
JF  - Science Research
JO  - Science Research
SP  - 226
EP  - 231
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-0927
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20261404.22
AB  - Accurately determining the heat release rate (HRR) of metro trains serves as a core prerequisite for investigating metro tunnel fire behaviors and carrying out fire safety design of urban rail transit. To clarify the reasonable range of HRR for metro tunnel fire research, this paper selects a typical Type-B metro train as the research subject. After comprehensively sorting out and counting all combustible materials inside the middle carriage as well as their respective mass parameters, two research methods including Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) numerical simulation and HRR statistical calculation are adopted to analyze the thermal output characteristics of a fire originating in the middle carriage of a single train. A refined geometric model matching the actual carriage structure is built with practical boundary conditions and fire working conditions to simulate the complete fire evolution from initial ignition to full combustion. The calculation results indicate that the peak heat release rate of the Type-B metro middle carriage reaches 17.6 MW. The research conclusions can offer reliable theoretical references and basic data for flame retardant design of metro vehicles, ventilation and smoke exhaust system design of tunnels, as well as the establishment of tunnel fire emergency disposal schemes.
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Daxi Sun

Department of Mechatronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University of Architectural Technology, Deyang, China

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Chenxia Jia

School of Intelligent Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chengdu Qinggong Polytechnic University, Chengdu, China

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Sun, D., Jia, C. (2026). The Analysis of The Heat Release Rate Determination of a Subway Train. Science Research, 14(4), 226-231. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20261404.22

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ACS Style

Sun, D.; Jia, C. The Analysis of The Heat Release Rate Determination of a Subway Train. Sci. Res. 2026, 14(4), 226-231. doi: 10.11648/j.sr.20261404.22

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Sun D, Jia C. The Analysis of The Heat Release Rate Determination of a Subway Train. Sci Res. 2026;14(4):226-231. doi: 10.11648/j.sr.20261404.22

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.sr.20261404.22,
  author = {Daxi Sun and Chenxia Jia},
  title = {The Analysis of The Heat Release Rate Determination of a Subway Train},
  journal = {Science Research},
  volume = {14},
  number = {4},
  pages = {226-231},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sr.20261404.22},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20261404.22},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sr.20261404.22},
  abstract = {Accurately determining the heat release rate (HRR) of metro trains serves as a core prerequisite for investigating metro tunnel fire behaviors and carrying out fire safety design of urban rail transit. To clarify the reasonable range of HRR for metro tunnel fire research, this paper selects a typical Type-B metro train as the research subject. After comprehensively sorting out and counting all combustible materials inside the middle carriage as well as their respective mass parameters, two research methods including Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) numerical simulation and HRR statistical calculation are adopted to analyze the thermal output characteristics of a fire originating in the middle carriage of a single train. A refined geometric model matching the actual carriage structure is built with practical boundary conditions and fire working conditions to simulate the complete fire evolution from initial ignition to full combustion. The calculation results indicate that the peak heat release rate of the Type-B metro middle carriage reaches 17.6 MW. The research conclusions can offer reliable theoretical references and basic data for flame retardant design of metro vehicles, ventilation and smoke exhaust system design of tunnels, as well as the establishment of tunnel fire emergency disposal schemes.},
 year = {2026}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Analysis of The Heat Release Rate Determination of a Subway Train
AU  - Daxi Sun
AU  - Chenxia Jia
Y1  - 2026/08/13
PY  - 2026
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20261404.22
DO  - 10.11648/j.sr.20261404.22
T2  - Science Research
JF  - Science Research
JO  - Science Research
SP  - 226
EP  - 231
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-0927
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20261404.22
AB  - Accurately determining the heat release rate (HRR) of metro trains serves as a core prerequisite for investigating metro tunnel fire behaviors and carrying out fire safety design of urban rail transit. To clarify the reasonable range of HRR for metro tunnel fire research, this paper selects a typical Type-B metro train as the research subject. After comprehensively sorting out and counting all combustible materials inside the middle carriage as well as their respective mass parameters, two research methods including Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) numerical simulation and HRR statistical calculation are adopted to analyze the thermal output characteristics of a fire originating in the middle carriage of a single train. A refined geometric model matching the actual carriage structure is built with practical boundary conditions and fire working conditions to simulate the complete fire evolution from initial ignition to full combustion. The calculation results indicate that the peak heat release rate of the Type-B metro middle carriage reaches 17.6 MW. The research conclusions can offer reliable theoretical references and basic data for flame retardant design of metro vehicles, ventilation and smoke exhaust system design of tunnels, as well as the establishment of tunnel fire emergency disposal schemes.
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download