Tradition and Customary Law in Tlemcen and the Hawz
Mustapha Guenaou,
Bernard Troude
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, February 2022
Pages:
1-5
Received:
9 January 2022
Accepted:
7 February 2022
Published:
9 March 2022
Abstract: This contribution deals with a theme relating to the Tlemcenois, a territory regrouping Tlemcen a medina, a pre-colonial city and former capital of the central Maghreb and the hawz, a set of localities of its periphery including Ain El Hûts. Thus defined, this territory is known for its ritual facilities including the Moorish bath, commonly called Hammam. Knowing that this social space, known for its functions, we approached this subject to highlight the mode of management, based on customary law, commonly called "Orf". This question falls within the framework of socio-anthropological studies. Indeed, the Moorish bath, in general, is considered as an annex of the mosque, a place and space of socio-cultural and especially cultural practices: it is recognized for its rituals including that of ablutions and body purification for women and men. For the local culture of the studied territory, the old Moorish baths are still managed according to the custom, respected by the respective population of the medina and the hawz. Moreover, all the uses and functions are rented to the individuals who frequent this public establishment. We have treated the traditional Moorish bath in Tlemcen and in the hawz (Ain El Hûts).
Abstract: This contribution deals with a theme relating to the Tlemcenois, a territory regrouping Tlemcen a medina, a pre-colonial city and former capital of the central Maghreb and the hawz, a set of localities of its periphery including Ain El Hûts. Thus defined, this territory is known for its ritual facilities including the Moorish bath, commonly called ...
Show More
Increased Yields and Economic Productivity of Tropical Pig Farms
Ndebi Georges,
Tchoumboue Joseph,
Defang Henry Fualefac
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, February 2022
Pages:
6-12
Received:
8 September 2020
Accepted:
22 December 2020
Published:
9 March 2022
Abstract: In prospect of a better knowledge of the influence of environment and production system, the yield and economic productivity of 60 pig farms were valued and compared in 3 zones and 3 production systems. The main results showed that the yield per sow (11,18±1,8) is well more important (p<0,05) with the semi-intensive or improved peasant system, compared to traditional peasant system (10,48±1,9) and fully controlled intensive or modern system (10,231,7). The estimated marginal average is higher in Western Highlands (11,14±1,9), followed by humid forest (10,76±1,6) and finally, northern regions (10,42±2,2). Disparities were observed also in all production systems and zones about the sign of the gap. The spread was much more dispersed in the north, with a standard deviation rather higher than the average standard deviation of the sample, indicating a zone favorable to the development of pig production. However, if the traditional peasant system allows to achieve a significantly lower yield than economic productivity in the Western Highlands, it remains the most appropriate in northern regions. Meanwhile, by linking yield and economic productivity, the study highlighted a lack of economic objectivity among farmers. The profitability analysis, as to, revealed that recovery period is relatively short with the modern system, compared to traditional and improved peasant systems but, remains comparable in all production zones.
Abstract: In prospect of a better knowledge of the influence of environment and production system, the yield and economic productivity of 60 pig farms were valued and compared in 3 zones and 3 production systems. The main results showed that the yield per sow (11,18±1,8) is well more important (p...
Show More
Evaluating the Factors Affecting the Duration of Breastfeeding Practice Among Mothers in Tangail, Bangladesh
Mohammad Esrafil,
Mesbah Uddin Talukder,
Farhana Akther
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, February 2022
Pages:
13-19
Received:
23 January 2022
Accepted:
8 February 2022
Published:
9 March 2022
Abstract: Proper breastfeeding practices are effective techniques for reducing childhood morbidity and mortality. The aim in here is to evaluate breastfeeding pattern, factors affecting the duration of breast feeding, infant formula feeding pattern, and weaning introduction. The sample size was 75. Mothers were interviewed using a questionnaire which was designed to elicit information on the socioeconomic & demographic characteristics of the respondents, exclusive breast feeding practices, knowledge & attitude of the respondents regarding breast feeding, weaning practice as well as formula feeding practice. Statistical analyses were done using SPSS (version 20), whereby chi-square tests were used to evaluate relationships between different selected variables. From the study we found that low breast milk formation is the main cause of the cessation of breast milk. About 63% of the respondent mothers stop breast feeding due to low milk formation. There is also a strong relationship between delivery process and duration of the breast feeding (P=0.013, significant at 90% level). The prevalence of exclusive breast feeding were only 54.7%. About 20% respondents stop breast feeding before 4 month of their child. Respondents’ knowledge & attitude about breast milk were in satisfactory level. But they initiate other foods (37.3%) rather than breast milk, may be because of their culture/food taboos. The study revealed that along with other causes low breast milk formation was the prime reason for early cessation of breast milk.
Abstract: Proper breastfeeding practices are effective techniques for reducing childhood morbidity and mortality. The aim in here is to evaluate breastfeeding pattern, factors affecting the duration of breast feeding, infant formula feeding pattern, and weaning introduction. The sample size was 75. Mothers were interviewed using a questionnaire which was des...
Show More
